Shakespeare Links

COMPREHENSIVE, DRAMA, LITERATURE & PHILOSOPHY

Comprehensive | Shakespeare Bio | Language | Bibles | Folios & Editions | Sources | Timelines | Bibliographies | Text Repositories | Databases | Projects | Libraries | Societies | Journals | Podcasts | Blogs | Film & Live | Visual Arts | Theater & Acting | Contemporaries | Humanism & Philosophy | Literary Criticism | Rhetoric | Motifs & Devices | Emblem Books |

HISTORY, SOCIETY, POLITICS, SCIENCES, ARTS, ETC.

General History | National History | Maps | Biography | Politics & Gov. | Warfare | Sciences | Exploration & Empire | Commerce & Economics | Law & Courts | Poverty & Crime | Religion & Folklore | Magic & Witchcraft | Medicine | Gender Studies | Sexuality | Race | Jews in England | Childhood | Education | Music | Dance | Arts & Architecture | Courtesy | Fashion & Cosmetics | Food & Cooking | Sports & Entertainment | Hunting & Falconry | Agriculture | Nature

COMPREHENSIVE SHAKESPEARE AND ELIZABETHAN SITES

• Comprehensive Shakespeare Sites

• RSC: Royal Shakespeare Co. (Stratford, UK) | Life & Times
• Folger Shakespeare Library (Folger) | Digital Collections
• Shakespeare’s Globe (Globe Trust, London, UK)
• Internet Shakespeare Editions (U of Victoria)
• Shakespeare Online (Amanda Mabillard)
• Shakespeare Resource Center (Bardweb) | Elizabethan Page
• Explore Shakespeare (Shakespeare Birthplace Trust)
• Shakespeare Documented (Folger, Bodleian et al.)
• Shakespeareances (Eric Minton)
• Bartleby’s Shakespeare – Works, Essays (Bartleby)
• PlayShakespeare.com
• Global Shakespeares (MIT)

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• Comprehensive Elizabethan Sites

• Life in Elizabethan England: a Compendium (Maggie Secara)
• Elizabethan-Era (Elizabethan-era.org.uk)
• Elizabethi.org (Heather Shanette)

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SHAKESPEARE BIOGRAPHIES

• For Print Biographies, see Shakespeare Biblio – (Drake)
• William Shakespeare Biography (Shakespeare Birthplace Trust)
• RSC Shakespeare’s Life & Times (Royal Shakespeare Company)
• Shakespeare Documented (Folger, Bodleian et al.)
• The Shakespeare Family History Site (Rootsweb/Ancestry.com)
• Shakespeare’s England: an Account of the Life … Vol 1 1916 Oxford (HathiTrust)
• Shakespeare’s England: an Account of the Life … Vol 2 1916 Oxford (HathiTrust)
• William Winter’s Shakespeare’s England rev. ed. 1898 (Gutenberg)
• Halliwell-Phillipps’s Outlines of the Life of Shakspeare 1887 (HathiTrust)
• Nathan Drake’s Shakspeare His Life and Times, Vol. 1 London 1817 (Gutenberg)
• Nathan Drake’s Shakspeare His Life and Times, Vol. 2 London 1817 (Gutenberg)
• N. Rowe’s Some Account of the Life of Mr. William Shakespear 1709 (Gutenberg)

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SHAKESPEARE’S LANGUAGE

• Dictionaries, Concordances

• Shakespeare’s Words: a Dictionary (David & Ben Crystal)
• Shakespeare Glossary by C. T. Onions (Perseus Project)
• Shakespeare Dictionary by Alexander Schmidt (Perseus)
• Concordance of Shakespeare’s Works (Shakespeare Network)
• Concordance of Shakespeare (Open Source Shakespeare)

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• Early Modern English Pronunciation

• Bright & Beautiful English of Shakespeare, with Ben Crystal (YouTube)
• Shakespeare’s Original Pronunciation, David & Ben Crystal (YouTube)
• How Do You Recreate the Voice of a 15th-Century King? (NPR)
• Early Modern English: Grammar, Pronunciation & Spelling (OED)
• The Great Vowel Shift (RobWords/YouTube)
• Conversational English in 1586 (Simon Roper/You Tube)

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• Grammar & Poetics

• RSC on Shakespeare’s Language (RSC in London, UK)
• Shakespeare’s Grammar (Bardweb)
• A Shakespearean Grammar, by Edwin Abbott (HathiTrust)
• Shakespearean Punctuation, by Percy Simpson 1911 (Google Books)
• Alex. Gil’s Logonomia Anglica trans. Dorothy Dixon (USC Digital Library)

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• Typography

• Reading Elizabethan Print – Folio, etc. (Drake)
• Rules for Long S (Babelstone, Andrew West)
• Long and Short of Letter ‘S’ (Babelstone, A. West)
• Why does the letter ‘S’ look like an ‘F’? (LiveScience, M. Gannon)

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BIBLES SHAKESPEARE USED OR THAT WERE IMPORTANT

*Shakespeare would have read the popular Geneva Bible at home and heard the Bishops’ Bible in church. He would have been familiar with the Book of Common Prayer and perhaps also knew the Great Bible. The King James version of 1611 came along very late in his career, so he would not have used it in his final few plays.

• Geneva Bible of 1560/1599 (Textus Receptus Bibles)
• Geneva Bible 1599 with Commentary (BibleGateway)
• Geneva Bible 1595 with Tomson New Test. (Orig. Bibles)
• Bishops’ Bible of 1568 (Textus Receptus Bibles)
• King James Bible 1611 (Gateway) | KJV Study Bible
• Book of Common Prayer, 1559 (Justus Anglican)
• Great Bible of 1539 (Pre-Shakespearean, Henry VIII)

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SHAKESPEARE’S FOLIOS, QUARTOS, MAJOR EDITIONS, PRINT CULTURE

Visit FOLIOS & EDITIONS. This section is maintained on its own page. For convenience, here are a few of the main resources:

• Shakespeare Reading Texts (Folger Shakespeare Library)
  • An excellent reading copy, though without explanatory notes
• Shakespeare 1623 First Folio (Folger Shakespeare Library)
  • Folger’s online copy of the “First Folio” edition

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SOURCES AND INFLUENCES FOR SHAKESPEARE’S PLAYS

Visit SOURCES. This section is maintained on its own page. For convenience, below are some links to resources for individual plays.

• RSC: Royal Shakespeare Company (see “Shakespeare’s Plays”)
• Internet Shakespeare Editions (see Texts)
• Shakespeare Online (A. Mabillard)  (see Sources)
• Shakespeare’s Library, 1875, Vol. 1 (MDZ) | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6

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SHAKESPEARE TIMELINES & CHRONOLOGIES

• Timeline of Shakespeare’s Plays (RSC) | Other Timelines
• Chronology of Shakespeare’s Plays (PennysPoetryPages)

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SHAKESPEARE BIBLIOGRAPHIES

• Internet Shakespeare Editions Bibliographies (U-Vic.)
• Best Books about Shakespeare List (Goodreads)
• The Best Shakespeare Books (Fivebooks.com)
• Shakespeare Bibliography (Drake)
• World Shakespeare Bibliography (Folger, by subscription)
• Lithub.com’s Shakespeare Section | Lithub.com (Grove Atlantic)

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REPOSITORIES: EARLY MODERN AND MEDIEVAL TEXTS

• ONLINE BOOKS — A GOOD STARTING POINT (U-Penn)
• Corpus of Middle English Texts (U. Michigan)
• METS: The Middle English Texts Series (U of Rochester et al.) 
• Early English Books Online Database (EEBO/U-Mich)
• Early Modern English Drama Anthology (Folger Library)
• Elizabethan Drama—Annotated & Scripts (elizabethandrama.org)
• Gallica French Documents & Manuscripts (BnF)
• HathiTrust Digital Library (HathiTrust)
• Luminarium: Anthology of English Literature (Luminarium)
• Münchener Digitalisierungs Zentrum (MDZ)
• Renascence Editions (English Renaissance, Luminarium)
• U-Penn’s Colenda Digital Repository – Furness (U-Penn)
• Eighteenth-Century Collections Online (ECCO/U-Mich)
• Lost Plays Database (Folger Library)

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LITERARY DATABASES

• Digital Bodleian (Oxford)
• EEBO: Early English Books Online (EEBO/U-Mich)
• EuroDocs: the Tudors (Wiki Database, BYU Library)
• ITER: Gateway to the Middle Ages & Renaissance (U-Toronto)
• JSTOR (Database)
• Perseus Digital Library (Tufts U)
• Project MUSE (Database)

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PROJECTS: LITERARY AND PERIOD-BASED

• The Camelot Project (U of Rochester)
• The Medici Archive Project (Medici.org, Italy)
• Rinascimento: Harvard Library (European Renaissance)
• Centre for Renaissance & Reformation Studies (Victoria U/U-Toronto)
• The Douai Shakespeare Manuscript Project (Sorbonne/U-Vic)
• Initiative Théâtre (Sorbonne)
• Vale: Voix Anglophones Littérature et Esthétique (Sorbonne)
• The Grub Street Project, C18 Print Culture in London (Grub St. Project)
• Poetry Foundation (Chicago, IL)
• Poets.org (The Academy of American Poets)
• The Oxford Marlowe Project (U of Kent)

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MAJOR LIBRARIES

• Library of Congress Catalog (Washington, D.C.)
• The British Library (London & Yorkshire)
• The Bodleian Library (Oxford U)
• The Cambridge Digital Collection (Cambridge U, UK)
• The Folger Shakespeare Library (Washington, D.C.)
• The Huntington Library (Pasadena, CA)
• Manchester Library Digital Collections (U-Manchester)
• The New York Public Library (NYC)
• The Newberry Library (Chicago, Il)
• La Bibliothèque nationale de France (BnF, Paris)
• La Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana (BML, Firenze, It.)

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SHAKESPEARE & RENAISSANCE SOCIETIES

• British Shakespeare Association
• Canadian Society for Renaissance Studies
• Renaissance Society of America
• Shakespeare Association of America
• Shakespeare Society of America
• The Sixteenth-Century Society
• Society for the Study of Early Modern Women & Gender (SSEMWG)
• The Italian Assoc. of Shakespearean and Early Modern Studies (IASEMS)
• The Tudor Society (Tudor Society)
• The Marlowe Society (Christopher Carr)

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SHAKESPEARE & EARLY MODERN JOURNALS (SELECTED)

Visit JOURNALS. This section is maintained on its own page. For convenience, below are a few significant links.

• Open-Access Journals

• DOAJ: Directory of Open-Access Journals (DOAJ)
• OpenEdition Journals (OpenEdition)

• Literary Journals Covering a Variety of Periods and Topics

• ELH: English Literary History (ELH/Johns Hopkins UP)
• MLQ: Modern Language Quarterly (Duke UP)
• Modern Philology: Critical and Historical Studies in Lit. … (U Chicago P)
• PMLA: Publications of the Modern Language Assoc. (Cambridge UP/MLA)
• SEL: Studies in English Literature 1500–1900 (Johns Hopkins UP)
• Sewanee Review (U of the South)
• Studies in Philology (U North Carolina P)

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SHAKESPEARE PODCASTS

*Note: the podcasts below, with few exceptions, are current through 2025-2024

• Best Shakespeare Podcasts – List (Goodpods.com)
• Folger Shakespeare Unlimited Podcast (Folger)
• The Play’s the Thing Podcast
• Chop Bard Podcast
• That Shakespeare Life Podcast
• Everyday Shakespeare (Bicks & Ephraim)
• Approaching Shakespeare (Oxford U)
• The Shakespeare and Co. Interview (Shakespeare & Co.)
• The Beyond Shakespeare Co. Podcast (Beyond Shakespeare)
• The State of Shakespeare (State of Shakespeare)
• Pendant Shakespeare Audio Drama Anthology (Pendant Prod.)
• Not Another Shakespeare Podcast!
• Her Half of History (Lori Davis)
• Shakespeare’s Shadows Podcast
• Shakespeare Anyone? Podcast
• Speaking of Shakespeare Podcast
• Clear Shakespeare Podcast, 2015-16 (Akiva Fox)
• Renaissance English History Podcast (Heather Teysko)

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SHAKESPEARE BLOGS & LISTSERVS

Some of the following blog material is older but still very relevant.

• 25 Best Shakespeare Blogs (Feedspot)
• AJD Shakespeare – Questions, Commentaries, Links (Drake)
• Folger Shakespeare Library Blog: the Collation (Folger)
• Folger Shakespeare Blog: Shakespeare and Beyond (Folger)
• The Many-Headed Monster Blog (Brody Waddell et al.)
• Shakespeare Birthplace Trust Blog (SBT)
• Shakespeare Geek (Duane)
• Sir Ian McKellen’s Home Page (McKellen)
• The Shakespeare Blog, 2016-23 (S. Morris)
• Murreyandblue, 2014-24 (Medieval-Early Modern History)
• Shakespeare Authorship Page, circa 2016-1996 (Kathman & Ross)
• Time’s Pencil: Shakespeare after the First Folio Blog, 2016 (Bovilsky)
• Shaksper: Global Electronic Shakespeare Conference – List (Cook)

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SHAKESPEARE’S PLAYS IN PERFORMANCE (FILM & LIVE)

• List of Online Shakespeare Plays (TheatreTrip, YouTube)
• Shakespeare’s Globe – Subscription Service (Globe Trust)
• RSC: Royal Shakespeare Co. – DVDs (Stratford, UK)
• *Amazon Prime Video offers RSC productions via a Marquee Channel subscription
• *Britbox Channel (at its own site or through Amazon Prime Video as an add-on) offers BBC Shakespeare productions
• *Kanopy and Hoopla may be available through your public library district
• *These links/mentions are not intended as promotional by this site, OLLI, or UNLV
• Shakespeare on Film at IMDB (Internet Movie DB)
• List of Shakespeare Screen Adaptations (Wikipedia)
• Viewing Shakespeare on Film (Britannica.com)
• 25 Can’t-Miss Shakespeare Movies (Forbes.com)
• Best Movies Based on Shakespeare Plays (Collider.com)
• List of US Companies & Festivals (PlayShakespeare.com)
• Utah Shakespeare Festival
• Nevada Shakespeare Festival
• Shakespeare Institute of Nevada
• New Swan Shakespeare Festival (UC IRVINE)
• Oregon Shakespeare Festival (Ashland, OR)

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SHAKESPEARE & THE VISUAL ARTS

• Folger Digital Collections Main Page | Art & Objects
• Folger Shakespeare Library Puts 80,000 Images … Online (OpenCulture)
• Shakespeare and Art, 1709-1922 (Metropolitan Museum)
• William Shakespeare’s Plays in Art (National Gallery)
• ”Celebrating Shakespeare,” by S. Chatfield (Pre-Raphaelite Sisterhood)
• Works of Shakespeare in Pre-Raphaelite Paintings (Wikimedia Commons)
• Shakespeare in Victorian Poetry and Painting: Pre-Raphaelites (J. Holmes)
• Victorian Illustrated Shakespeare Archive (M. Goodman)
• William Blake’s Illustrations to Shakespeare (Blake Archive)

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ELIZABETHAN THEATER COMPANIES & THE ACTING PROFESSION

• Comprehensive, Places & Personalities

• E. K. Chambers’ The Elizabethan Stage Vol. 1 (Gutenberg) | 2 | 3 | 4
• Elizabethan Theatre (History of London)
• Elizabethan Theatre (Worldhistory.org)
• UC Berkeley’s Staging Shakespeare (H. Richmond)
• Shakespearean London Theatres (SHALT)
• Records of Early English Drama: REED (U. Toronto)
• Master of the Revels History (Mus. of St. John)
• Shakespeare and the Liberties (Britannica)
• Shakespeare’s Fellow Playwrights (Bardweb/SRC)
• The University Wits (U. Vic.)

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• The Playing Companies

• History of the Queen’s Men (U. Vic.)
• Queen’s Men Plays Shakespeare Used (U. Vic.)
• The Lord Chamberlain’s Men (IS)
• The King’s Men (Shakespeare-online.com)
• The Admiral’s Men (Britannica)
• Lord Strange’s Men (Britannica)
• Queen Anne’s Men — Jacobean (Britannica)
• Shakespeare’s Company Docs (ShakespeareDoc.)
• Henslowe’s Diary (HathiTrust)
• Henslowe’s Diary — As a Blog

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• Women and the Theater

• The First English Actresses, by G. Ziegler (Folger Shakespeare and Beyond)
• The Hidden Women Writers of the Elizabethan Theater
• Women Performers in Shakespeare’s Time (Shakespeare Unlimited Podcast)
• Women who broke taboo to act in Shakespeare, 2016 (The Guardian)

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• Children and the Theater

• Child Actors (Internet Shakespeare Editions)
• Children’s Company (Britannica.com)
• Exploitation of Elizabethan Child Actors Revealed, 2013 (Oxford U)

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• The Craft of Acting

• Actors in Shakespeare’s Day (Utah Shakespeare Festival)
• The Acting Profession of Shakespeare’s Time (Orlando Shakespeare)

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• Theater Concepts & Mechanics

• Breaking the Fourth Wall Explained (Backstage.com)
• The jig is up—Shakespeare’s Globe sends them out dancing (The Guardian)

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SHAKESPEARE’S ENGLISH CONTEMPORARIES

• Dramatists

• Beaumont & Fletcher 1679 Second Folio (Penn SU)
• Ben Jonson’s Works Online (Cambridge U)
  • Performing Jonson’s Every Man in His Humor (YouTube)
• Thomas Kyd’s The Spanish Tragedy (Gutenberg)
• John Lyly’s Plays: A Selection (elizabethandrama.org)
• The Oxford Marlowe Project (U of Kent)
• Christopher Marlowe’s Works, ed. Bullen (HathiTrust)
  • Vol. 1 Tamb. & Faustus | Vol. 2 Other Plays | Vol. 3 Poems
• Thomas Middleton’s Plays, ed. Alex. Dyce (HathiTrust)
• Norton & Sackville’s Gorboduc 1561/65 (HathiTrust) | Facsim. (Huntington)
• John Pickering’s Horestes, 1567 (Sourcetext.com)
• Thomas Preston’s Cambises, 1570 (EEBO2 U-Mich)

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• Non-Dramatic Authors

• Sir Francis Bacon’s Essays (Luminarium/Renascence) | or Gutenberg
• Sir Francis Bacon’s The New Atlantis (Luminarium/Ren.) | or Gutenberg
• George Chapman’s trans. of The Iliad (EEBO/U-Mich)
• George Chapman’s trans. of The Odyssey 1615 (EEBO/U-Mich)
• Chapman’s Whole Works: Iliad and Odyssey, 1875 ed. (HathiTrust)
• Samuel Daniel & Henry Constable – Sonnets (Gutenberg)
• Samuel Daniel’s The Civil Wars…. (EEBO/U-Mich)
• M. Drayton’s Bataille of Agincourt (Gutenberg) | Ballad (ISE)
• John Donne’s Songs and Sonnets, etc. (Luminarium) | or Poems (HathiTrust)
• John Florio Brief Biography (Academic Dictionaries …)
  • J. Florio’s Florio his firste fruites … 1578 (EEBO/U-Mich)
  • J. Florio’s Second Frutes 1591 Facsimile (HathiTrust)
  • Montaigne’s Essais, trans. J. Florio 1603 (Renascence Editions)
• John Lyly’s Euphues, or, The Anatomy of Wit … (HathiTrust)
• Francis Meres’ Palladis Tamia: Wits Treasury, 1598 (Folger)
• Sidney’s Countess of Pembroke’s Arcadia (MDZ)
• Sidney’s Poetry, Vol. 1 (MDZ) | Vol. 2 | Vol. 3
• Edmund Spenser Online (Cambridge U)
• Henry Wotton’s Reliquiae Wottonianae, 1651 (EEBO/U-Mich)

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RENAISSANCE HUMANISM & PHILOSOPHY

• Humanist and Philosophical Topics & Texts

• Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy (includes Classical, etc.)
• Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (includes Classical, etc.)
• The English Humanists (Britannica.com)
• Neoplatonism (Stanford Encyclopedia of Phil.)
• Renaissance Natural Philosophy (Stanford Encyclopedia of Phil.)
• Renaissance Civic Humanism (Stanford Encyclopedia of Phil.)
• Sir Francis Bacon’s Essays (Luminarium/Renascence) | or (Gutenberg)
• Sir Francis Bacon’s The New Atlantis (Luminarium/Ren.) | or Gutenberg
• Sir Francis Bacon’s The Advancement of Learning (Gutenberg)
• Castiglione’s Book of the Courtier, Hoby trans. (EEBO/U-Mich)
• Oxford Reformers: Colet, Erasmus, T. More (F. Seebohm, Gutenberg)
• T. Elyot’s Book of the Governor (Luminarium/Ren.) | or 1565 (Internet Arch.)
• Erasmus’ Moriae encomium, The Praise of Folly (EEBO/U-Mich)
• Machiavelli’s The Prince (Gutenberg)
• Montaigne’s Essays, 1603 Florio trans. (Renascence Editions)
• Thomas More’s Utopia (Gutenberg)
• Petrarch: The First Modern Scholar … by J. H. Robinson (Gutenberg)
• U of Manchester Library Petrarch Collection (U-Manchester)
• Petrarch’s “Coronation Oration,” trans. E. Wilkins (JSTOR, acct. required)
• Petrarch’s “Collatio Laureationis,” Scritti inediti, A. Hortis (HathiTrust)

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• Encyclopedias, Cosmology & General Humanist Knowledge

• Boistuau’s The theatre or rule of the world, trans. J. Alday 1603 (EEBO/U-Mich)
• Caxton’s printing of Mirrour of the World 1480 (Archive.org)
• J. Davies’ Mirum in Modum 1602 (EEBO/U-Mich) | Facsim. (Internet Arch.)
• J. Davies’s Orchestra: or, a Poem … 1596 (Luminarium/Ren.) | or (Internet Arch.)
• Discover the First Illustrated Book Printed in English (Open Culture)
• Glasgow U’s Special Collections Intro to Mirrour of the World (Glasgow U)
• T. Starkey’s Dialogue between Cardinal Pole and Thomas Lupset, etc. (HathiTrust)

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SHAKESPEARE CRITICISM

• Visit CRITICISM LINKS. This section is maintained on its own page. Here are a few links:

• Best Books about Shakespeare List (Goodreads)
• Bibliography of Shakespeare Studies (Drake)

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RHETORIC

• Elizabethan Rhetorical Figures (Virginia Commonwealth U)
• Rhetoric, a Timeline: Major Authors & Texts (BYU/Silva Rhetoricae)
• D. L. Clark’s A Study of Rhetorical Terms … (Gutenberg)
• T. Wilson’s Arte of Rhetorique, 1560 (Luminarium/Ren.) | or (Internet Arch.)
• Henry Peacham’s The Garden of Eloquence, Outline (BYU/Silva Rhetoricae)
• Henry Peacham’s The Garden of Eloquence, 1577 (HathiTrust)
• Puttenham’s The Arte of English Poesie, 1589 (Gutenberg)
• Abraham Fraunce’s The Arcadian Rhetoric, 1588 (HathiTrust)
• Aristotle’s Poetics (Gutenberg)
• Aristotle’s Rhetoric (Internet Classics Archive)
• Anonymous’ Ad Herennium, Bk. 1 (Penelope/U-Chicago)
• Cicero’s De Oratore (Gutenberg)
• Quintilian’s Institutio Oratoria, Bk. 10 Eng. ed. (Gutenberg)
• Quintilian’s Institutio Oratoria, Bk. 10 Latin ed. (Gutenberg)

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LITERARY & DRAMATIC DEVICES, MOTIFS, ETC.

• What is a bed trick? (Seattle Shakespeare)
• No Laughing Matter? What the Romans Found Funny (Antigone)
• A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum (Currentpub.com)
• Comedy and Gender through the Centuries (Wash. U in St. Louis)

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EMBLEM BOOKS

• Alciato, Andrea. Emblematum liber. Augsburg, 1531 (U Glasgow)
• Peacham, Henry. Minerva Britanna: … London, 1612) (Internet Archive)
• Whitney, Geffrey. Choice of Emblems. London, 1586 (Sourcetext.com)

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GENERAL HISTORY AND SOCIETY

• World History Encyclopedia (WHE)
• The National Archives (UK History, Culture)
• Historic England (HistoricEngland.org)
• Medieval Britain (MedievalBritain.com)
• Raleigh’s History of the World … (HathiTrust)

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NATIONAL HISTORY: ENGLAND, SCOTLAND, IRELAND & WALES

• British History Online (U of London)
• Shakespeare and History (ShakespeareandHistory)
• Elizabethan Society (Britannica.com)
• English Monarchy Timeline (Drake)
• Tudor History (Lara E. Eakins)
• The Wars of the Roses (Richard III Society)
• The History of London (historyoflondon.co.uk)
• Camden & Speed’s Theatre of the Empire of Great Britain … (EEBO/U-Mich)
• Camden’s Britannia newly translated into English … (EEBO-2/U-Mich)
• Harrison’s Description of England, 1577 (Fordham U)
• Wales under the Tudors (BBC History)
• John Derrick’s An Image of Irland, 1581 (Edinburgh U)
• Fynes Morrison’s Itineraries, 1617 (EEBO/U-Mich)
• Owen Glendower (Historic UK) | also englishmonarchs
• Tudor Conquest of Ireland (thepast.com)
• Strangers in Scotland during Tudor Period (British Lib.)
• Kings & Queens of Scotland (Tudor Times)
• Kings & Queens of England & Britain (Historic-Uk.com)
• David Mitchell & Dan Snow on England’s Monarchs (History Hit/You Tube)
• David Mitchell & Mary Beard on Rulers (How to Academy/You Tube)

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MAPS & CARTOGRAPHY

• Map of London (AGAS, U. Vic)
• C. Saxton Atlas of England & Wales 1579 (Royal Collection Trust)
• G. Mercator’s Maps of England, C16-17 (Wikimedia Commons)
• Royal Collection Trust – Art, Maps, etc. (Royal Collection, UK)

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BIOGRAPHY: PLANTAGENETS, TUDORS & STUARTS

• Biographies of Other Major Figures

• Biographies of English Monarchs & Aristocrats (englishmonarchs)
• Queen Elizabeth I (Historic Royal Palaces)
• Queen Elizabeth I (Englishmonarchs.co.uk)
• Books on Elizabethans & Elizabethan Life (Marlowe Society)
• Elizabeth I and the Earl of Essex (Royal Museums Greenwich)
• Sir Walter Raleigh & Elizabeth I (HRP)
• Francis Walsingham, Elizabeth’s Spymaster (Historic UK)
• Robert Dudley & Elizabeth I (English Heritage)
• William Cecil & Elizabeth I (History Extra) | Portrait (NPG)
• Christopher Hatton & Elizabeth I (BeingBess Blog)
• Sir Francis Bacon (Britannica)
• Sir Francis Drake (Britannica)
• Margaret Tudor, Queen of Scots (thehistorypress.org)
• Mary, Queen of Scots & Elizabeth I (Smithsonian Mag.)
• King James VI of Scotland, I of England (NMS)
• George Villiers, First Duke of Buckingham (Britannica.com)
• Lady Margaret Beaufort (historic-uk) | also (englishmonarchs)
• Margaret of York, Duchess of Burgundy (warsoftheroses.com)
• Margaret of York, Duchess of Burgundy (Richard III Society)
• Margaret of Anjou, Henry VI’s Queen (Britannica.com)
• Catherine of Valois, Queen Consort of England (Englishmonarchs.co.uk)

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POLITICAL SCIENCE, GOVERNMENT & PARLIAMENT

• Parliament & Government

• The History of Parliament (UK Parliament)
• History of Parliament Blog (thehistoryofparliament.com)
• The Elizabethan ‘Monarchical Republic’ … (Open Yale Courses)
• The Elizabethan Court (Royal Museums Greenwich)

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• Political Science & Theory

• Guicciardini’s History of Florence … 1509 (Gutenberg)
• J. Harrington’s The Commonwealth of Oceana 1656 (HathiTrust)
• Machiavelli’s The Prince 1532 (Gutenberg)
• Machiavelli’s Discourses on … Titus Livius 1517/1531 (Gutenberg)
• Thomas More’s Utopia 1516 (Gutenberg)
• T. Rymer’s Cicero’s prince the reasons and counsels … 1668 (EEBO/U-Mich)
• Queen Elizabeth’s Golden Speech, 1601 (National Archives, UK)
• King James I: Basilikon Doron (EEBO/U-Mich)
• King James I: The True Law of Free Monarchy (EEBO/U-Mich)

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WARFARE

• The Hundred Years’ War (Britannica)
• The Wars of the Roses (Richard III Society)
• The Spanish Armada (Britannica)
• Medieval and Early Modern Soldiers (National Archives, UK)

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THE SCIENCES (INCLUDING ASTRONOMY, COSMOLOGY, ETC.)

• Scientific Revolution (Britannica.com)
• Scientific Revolution (WHE: World History Encyclopedia)
• Copernicus — Biography (Stanford Encyclopedia of Phil.)
• Francis Bacon (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
• The Story of the Four Elements (Moonletter.co.uk)
• The Ages of Man: A Study Suggested by Horace … (JSTOR Open)
• The Music of the Spheres (SensoryStudies.org)
• The Music of the Spheres, by A. Brown (The Guardian, 2009)
• Shakespeare and the Stars (Cosmos Magazine)
• Elizabethan Astrology (Elizabethan-era.org)

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EXPLORATION, EMPIRE & COLONIALISM

• Elizabethan Explorers, Privateers & Colonists (WHE)
• Pirates once swashbuckled across the ancient Mediterranean (Nat. Geo.)
• The Golden Age of Piracy Explained (History Hit Podcast)
• The Jamestown Colony (Britannica)

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COMMERCE, TRADE & ECONOMICS

• Elizabethan Social and Economic Legislation (History of Parliament)
• What Is Mercantilism? (Investopedia)
• History of the Wool Trade (Historic-UK)
• Wool Trade (England.com)
• Elizabethan Social & Economic Leg. (History of Parliament)
• Medieval Guilds (World History Encyclopedia)
• The Rise and Decline of Guilds … (Guildhall Hist. Assoc.)

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LAW, LEGAL PRACTICE, COMMON LAW & LEGISLATION

• Avalon Project: Blackstone, etc. (Yale Law)
• F. Bacon’s Elements of the Common Laws, 1639 (HathiTrust)
• N. Bacon’s Historical and Political Discourse … (EEBO/U-Mich)
• H. Bracton’s De Legibus et Consuetudinibus Angliae (Harvard Law)
• Britton, 13th century, 2nd Ed. 1640 (Wikipedia copy)
• Edward Coke’s First Part of the Institutes … 1628 (HathiTrust)
• Edward Coke’s Second Part of the Institutes … 1628 (HathiTrust)
• John Cowell’s The interpreter … [Legal Terms, orig. 1607] 1637 (HathiTrust)
• Glanville’s Treatise on the Laws and Customs of … England (1187-89)
• A. Horne’s The Mirrour of Justices (HathiTrust)
• Thomas de Littleton’s Tenures (orig. 1481-83; HathiTrust.)
• Shakespeare and Law — List of Resources and Books (NYU)
• Parliamentary Archives 1497-Present (UK Parliament)
• English Medieval Legal Documents Database (USC Law Library)
• Elizabethan Social and Economic Legislation (Historyofparliament)
• The Elizabethan Poor Law of 1601 (Victorian Web)
• The Law (TudorTimes)
• Common Law (Britannica.com)
• C16 Revolution in Common Law (Britannica.com)
• The Star Chamber (Britannica.com)
• Salic Law (Britannia)
• Salic Law of Succession (Britannica.com)

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POVERTY, CRIME & SOCIAL DISTRESS

• Poverty in Elizabethan England (BBC)
• Crime, Poverty, and the Common Man (Hist. Association)
• Elizabethan Crime and Punishment (Eliz-Era.org)
• Crime and Punishment in Elizabethan England (Eliz. World Ref. Library)
• Crime and Punishment in the Tudor Period (TheCollector.com)
• Brothels and Prostitution in Shakespeare’s England (Shakespeare Comes Alive)
• From Maiden to Whore and Back Again … (T. Messerschmidt/Digital Commons)

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RELIGION, FOLKLORE & MYTHOLOGY

• Christianity: Theology, Controversies, etc.

• The English Reformation
• Henry VIII’s Reformation Parliament (UK-Parliament)
• Elizabeth I’s Religious Settlement (Royal Museums Greenwich)
• Tudor Religious Crises Timeline (Historic Royal Palaces)
• The Anglican Church in England (Britannica.com)
• Richard Hooker Biography (Britannica.com)
• Hooker’s Of the Laws of Ecclesiastical Polity, 1600/1622 (HathiTrust)
  • E-pg. #s: Bk 1. pp. 61-111, 2. 113-40, 3. 141-85, 4. 187-228, 5. 229-513, Tract. 515-663
• Marprelate Controversy (Britannica.com)
• The Marprelate Tracts 1588-89 (HathiTrust)
• J. Bridges’ A Defence of the Government … (EEBO/U-Mich)
• T. Cooper’s An admonition to the people of England … 1589 (HathiTrust)
• Harsnett’s A Declaration of Popish Impostures, 1603 (EEBO/U-Mich)
• Catholics in Elizabethan England (Renaissance English History Podcast)
• Jesuits in Britain Timeline (Jesuits in Britain/Jesuit.org.uk)
• Jesuits, etc. Act 1584 27 Eliz. 1. c 2. (Wikipedia)
• Text of 27 Eliz., Cap. 2 (Hanover Historical Texts Project)
• History of Memento Mori (Daily Stoic)
• Perneby’s A direction to death: teaching man … to die well … (OTA Bodleian)
• “Much-Ado About Nothingness.” Shakespeare an Atheist? (Slate)
• The Feast of Fools (Britannica)

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• Folklore and Mythology

• The Folklore Society (UK)
• Thiselton-Dyer, T. F. Folk-lore of Shakespeare 1884 (Gutenberg)
• Shakespeare and Folktales, C. Artese Feb. 2020 (Shakespeare Unlimited)
• Medieval Lore: an epitome of the science … of the middle age (HathiTrust)
• Medieval Misrule and Mayhem (English-Heritage.org)
• Village Celebrations (Internet Shakespeare/U-Vic)
• Arthurian Legend (Arthurian-legend.com)
• Theoi—Greek Mythology (Theoi.com)

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MAGIC, WITCHCRAFT & THE OCCULT

• Daemonology, by King James VI, 1597 (Gutenberg)
• John Dee, Elizabeth I’s Astrologer (History.co.uk)
• White Magic in Elizabethan England (On the Tudor Trail)
• Elizabethan Witchcraft and Witches (Elizabethan-era.org)
• The Discoverie of Witchcraft, Scott 1584 (EEBO/U-Mich)
• Malleus Maleficarum, 1487 (SacredTexts.com)

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MEDICINE, PSYCHOLOGY, MENTAL HEALTH & DISABILITY

• General Lore, Herbal Treatments, Medical Manuals, etc.

• John Hill’s The British herbal: an history of plants … 1756(HathiTrust)
• Bartholomaeus Anglicus, Medieval Lore trans. by J. Trevisa (Gutenberg)
• Richard Androse’s trans. of Girolamo Ruscelli’s Secreti 1569 (EEBO/U-Mich)
• Andrew Boorde’s The Breviary of Health, 1547/87 (EEBO-2/U-Mich)

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• Medical Theories, etc.

• Balancing the Body: Medicine in Shakespeare’s Time (Folger)
• Hippocrates and the Four Humours (VaccinesWork)
• Shakespeare and the Four Humors (Nat. Lib. of Medicine/NIH)
• The Four Humors: Eating in the Renaissance (Folger “Beyond” Blog)
• Humors Chart (George Mason U)
• Contagion: the Humoral Theory (Harvard Library)
• T. Walkington’s The optick glasse of humors … 1639 (Collections NLM/NIH)
• Ancient, Medieval, and Renaissance Theories of the Emotions (Stanford Encyc.)

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• Mental Health and Care

• Mental Illness in 16th-17th Centuries (Historic England)
• Dowden’s Elizabethan Psychology (The Atlantic, 1907)
• Bright’s Treatise of Melancholie (HathiTrust)
• Burton’s The Anatomy of Melancholy (Gutenberg)
• How Bedlam Became London’s Most Iconic Symbol (BBC)
• Tom of Bedlam (Psychiatryonline.org)

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• Medical History: Hospitals, Disability, Disease

• Hospitals and Alms Houses 1485-1660 (Historic England)
• Disability from 1485-1660 (Historic England)
• The History of Plague, Part 1: Three Pandemics (JMVH)
• Living through the Plague Times, by K. Harkup (Folger)
• The Plague (ISE: Internet Shakespeare Editions, U-Vic)
• Syphilis – Its early history and Treatment …. (JMVH)

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GENDER STUDIES & WOMEN’S RIGHTS, STATUS & DAILY LIVES

• Elizabethan Women (Heather Shanette, UK) | Main Site
• Early Modern Female Book Ownership Blog (Black et al.)
• Lady Anne Clifford’s Story (Historic England)
• Thomas Elyot’s Defense of Good Women (EEBO/U-Mich)
• Alternatives to Divorce (HistoryofParliament)
• Childbirth with Jane Seymour (Exploress)
• Childbirth in Medieval and Tudor Times (Tudor Society)
• Marriage and Family in Shakespeare’s England (Newberry)
• Wooing and Wedding: Courtship and Marriage … (Folger)
• Stories of Tudor Annulments (Ren. Eng. History Podcast)
• Cuckoldry in Early Modern England (U-Melbourne)
• Faire Names for English Folk… (Chris Laning)

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SEXUALITY, LGBTQ ISSUES & QUEER THEORY

• History of LGBT Criminalisation (Human Dignity Trust)
• Law and Oppression: LGBTQ Heritage Project (Historic England)
• Barding the Rainbow (Shakespeare’s Globe)
• Walter Hungerford and the Buggery Act (HRP)
• Homosexuality in Elizabethan England (Anne Lyle)
• Homosexuality in Renaissance England (A. Bray, Amazon.com)
• “Queer Women of 17^th-Century Europe” (Lesbian Review)
• Shakespeare and Friendship, by Will Tosh (Shakespeare’s Globe)
• Friendship in Early Modern England, by Will Tosh (Shakespeare’s Globe)

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RACE, THE SLAVE TRADE & ABOLITION

• Timeline of the Slave Trade & Abolition (Historic England)
• Reading List on Slave Trade & Abolition (Historic England)
• Britain’s First Black Community… (BBC Magazine)

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JEWS IN ENGLAND

• Jewish Virtual Library Home Page (AICE)
• London, England (Jewish Virtual Library)
• Rodrigo Lopez, Royal Physician (Freelancehistorywriter.com)
• Blood Libel (Jewish Virtual Library)
• Jews and Theater in England (Jewish Virtual Library)

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CHILDHOOD

• What was it like to be a child in Tudor times? (His Story, Her Story)
• Playtime in Tudor England: Toys, Games … Childhood (LivingHistory, YouTube)

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EDUCATION

• Education in the Elizabethan Era (WHE)
• T. Elyot’s Book of the Governor (Luminarium/Ren.) | or 1565 (Internet Arch.)
• T. Elyot’s Education of Children, out of Plutarch (EEBO/U-Mich)
• Hoole’s A New Discovery of the Old Art…, 1660 (HathiTrust)
• Lily’s A short intro. of grammar… 1673 ed. (EEBO/U-Mich)

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MUSIC PERFORMANCE & THEORY

• Music in Elizabethan England (Royal Coll. Of Music)
• Thomas Morley’s First Booke of Ayres (ChoralWiki)
• Thomas Morley’s First Booke of Ayres, 1600 (Archive.org)
• Chappell, W. Ballad Literature and Popular Music …, vol. 1. | vol. 2 (HathiTrust)
• Music in Shakespeare’s Plays (Britannica)
• Elizabethan Musical Instruments (Elizabethan-era.org)
• ‘Make Noise Enough’: Excavating Shakespeare’s Songs (NYT)

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DANCE

• Elizabethan Dance (Elizabethan-era.org.uk)
• Dancing in Elizabethan England (Catherine Meyrick)
• The Shakespeare Dance Project (TSDP)

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ARTS, CRAFT & ARCHITECTURE

• Heilbrunn Timeline of Art—Elizabethan England (The Met)
• Elizabethan Architecture (Elizabethan-era.org)
• The National Portrait Gallery (London, UK)

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COURTESY BOOKS & MANNERS

• R. Brathwaite’s The English Gentleman (EEBO/U-Mich)
• Castiglione’s Book of the Courtier, Hoby trans. (EEBO/U-Mich)
• Caxton’s Book of Curtesye 1478 (HathiTrust)
• Erasmus’ The Manual of the Christian Knight 1533 (HathiTrust)
• P. Hannay’s A happy husband or, directions for a maid … (EEBO)
• Peacham’s The Compleat Gentleman 1634 (HathiTrust)

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FASHION & COSMETICS

• Tudor Fashion (Royal Museums Greenwich)
• Elizabeth I: Fashion and Beauty (Royal Museums Greenwich)
• Clothes in the Elizabethan Era (WHE: World History Encyclopedia)
• Elizabethan Makeup (Elizabethan-era.org.uk)

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FOOD & COOKING

• Old Elizabethan Recipes (Elizabethan-era.org)
• Five Elizabethan Summer Recipes (tudortravelguide)
• Food & Drink in the Elizabethan Era (World History Encyc.)
• A Brief History of Tea in Great Britain (Esquires Coffee Co.)
• Not Shakespeare’s Cup of Tea: … Caffeine in Early Modern England (Folger)
• Bakers in the Elizabethan Era (Internet Shakespeare Editions)
• Medieval Baker (MedievalBritain.com)

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SPORTS & ENTERTAINMENT

• Elizabethan Sports, Games & Entertainment (WHE)
• The Royal & Ancient Game of Tennis: A Short History (U.S. Court Tennis)
• Bloodsports of Shakespearean England (History.com)
• Fencing (William Wilson/Tattershall School of Defence)
• How to Play 16th-Century Bowling (Cassidy Cash)

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HUNTING, FALCONRY & HERALDRY

• Roger Ashcam’s Toxophilus or Lover of the Bow 1545 (EEBO/U-Mich)
• George Turberville’s Book of Falconry (EEBO/U-Mich)
• Falconry and Hawking (Internet Shakespeare/U-Vic)
• Elizabethan Hunting (Elizabethan-Era.org)
• Juliana Berner’s The Boke of St Albans 1486 (HathiTrust)
• The Boke of St. Albans (Modern Type, Gutenberg)
• Heraldica: Heraldry, Coats of Arms, &tc. (Heraldica.org)
• Arthur C. Fox-Davies’ A Complete Guide to Heraldry, 1909 (Gutenberg)

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FARMING & AGRICULTURE

• “Reaping the Harvest” (The Shakespeare Blog)
• Ten Facts about Tudor Farming (WS Birthplace Trust)
• Enclosure (Britannica.com)
• The Enclosure Acts (Collector.com)

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NATURE, ENVIRONMENT & FLOWERS

• Jane E. Giraud’s The Flowers of Shakespeare, 1846 (Google)
• Esther Singleton’s The Shakespeare Garden, 1922 (Gutenberg)
• Shakespeare & the Elizabethan Garden (Folger)
• Sir Francis Bacon’s “Of Gardens,” in Essays … 1597 (Bartleby)
• Elizabeth I: Mother Nature (Historic Royal Palaces Blog)
• Early Tudor Gardens 1490-1550 (tudorsdynasty.com)
• Tudors: Parks and Gardens (english-heritage.org.uk)
• Introducing Wild Things: Animals in early modern life and culture (Folger)
• Topsell’s Historie of Foure-Footed Beastes 1607 (HathiTrust)

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Document Timestamp: 1/21/2025 at 4:19 PM